Rate在论文中出现的频次也比较高，其常指“速度”（a quantity measured with respect to another measured quantity, e.g.a rate ofspeed of 60 km an hour），“比率”（a measure of a part with respect to a whole; a proportion, e.g.the mortality rate, a tax rate）等，例如，“Palagonite at Surtsey grew ata rate of2.8 um/y at 100°C and even at thisfaster growth rate, approximately 1800 y would be required for a 1 cm crack to fill with palagonite.”
在表示“比率”时，rate所涉及的两个items一般分别是部分和整体，也就是说，这里的rate是部分与整体的“比率”，例如，“According to the sixth national population census conducted on 1 November 2010, China'spopulation growth ratewas only 0.47%, ranking 159th in the world. ”
从下面几则例句我们可看出rate在各种实际场合的灵活应用。
★This result is reasonably consistent with thegrowth ratesmeasured by Decarreau et al. (1987)
★This movement was subsequently recovered and the comparison is recovered also until January 2008, where themeasured displacement rateincreased, whereas thecalculated rateremains constant.
★Assuming thisgrowth ratecan be extrapolated meaningfully,…..
★The present study couples experimental and analytical data with field observations in an attempt to constrain therateand temperature of formation of naturally occurring nontronites from Columbia River Basalt flows.
★A comparison of experimental and field timescales with other estimates ofnontronite growth ratessuggests that natural nontronite crystallization in the region must have occurred at ambient, near-surface temperatures over timescales of up to millions of years.
★Jakobsson and Moore (1986) found that at 100°C palagonite formed a rim on basaltic glass ata rate of2.8 um/y, and that thisratedoubled with every 12°C increase in temperature. At temperatures＞120°C, nontronite formed a rim on olivine crystals ata rate of0.3 um/y; thisratedoubled with every 8°C increase, but nontronite growth was not observed at lower temperatures. Thisgrowth rateis faster than the rates measured experimentally by Decarreau et al. (1987), but drops more rapidly with temperature.
★Comparisons of statistical methods previously used to model landslide hazards concluded that logistic regression results in thelowest rate of error.
